What is Xanthelasma?
Xanthelasma is the accumulation of fatty deposits that appear as yellowish or white plaques on the eyelids. While it is commonly seen in the inner corner of the upper eyelid, it can also occur on the lower eyelid. Xanthelasma is generally a harmless skin issue, but it can lead to cosmetic concerns and, in some cases, may be related to high cholesterol or cardiovascular diseases.
For this reason, it is crucial to recognize the symptoms of xanthelasma early and investigate its causes.
What Are the Symptoms of Xanthelasma?
✅ Yellowish or White Plaques
• The most prominent symptom of xanthelasma is the formation of yellow, white, or light brown plaques on the eyelids.
• These plaques typically have smooth edges and a soft texture.
✅ Growth and Spread Over Time
• Initially small, xanthelasma plaques can grow and spread over time.
• They may appear on both eyelids.
✅ Painless
• Xanthelasma usually does not cause pain, itching, or a stinging sensation.
• However, if it grows too large, it may restrict the movement of the eyelid.
Although xanthelasma is a cosmetic problem, it may also be an indicator of serious health issues in some cases. Therefore, it is important to consult a specialist, especially if it recurs frequently or grows rapidly.
How Can Xanthelasma Be Recognized?
To recognize xanthelasma, the following criteria should be considered:
Physical Examination
• Xanthelasma is usually diagnosed through a doctor’s visual examination.
• The presence of yellow or white plaques on the skin surface helps distinguish xanthelasma from other skin conditions.
Cholesterol and Blood Tests
• Xanthelasma may be associated with high cholesterol and triglyceride levels.
• Therefore, lipid profile (LDL, HDL, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels) should be checked through blood tests.
Dermatoscopy and Biopsy (if necessary)
• Rarely, a doctor may perform a biopsy to make a definitive diagnosis.
• The skin surface can be closely examined with the dermatoscopy method.
If you notice xanthelasma symptoms on your eyelids, especially if you have high cholesterol, it is recommended to consult a doctor for a detailed evaluation.
What Diseases Could Xanthelasma Be a Sign of?
Xanthelasma is usually harmless, but in some cases, it may be a sign of serious health problems.
⚠ High Cholesterol (Hypercholesterolemia)
• Xanthelasma is related to high blood lipids (LDL cholesterol and triglycerides).
• It is particularly common in individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia.
⚠ Cardiovascular Diseases
• Research suggests that individuals with xanthelasma may have a higher risk of heart attacks and vascular blockages.
When xanthelasma is detected, it is essential to consult a doctor to investigate the underlying cause.
How Can Xanthelasma Be Prevented?
Although xanthelasma cannot be completely prevented, the likelihood of its development can be reduced by minimizing risk factors.
✔ Healthy Diet: Avoid fatty and processed foods, and consume foods low in cholesterol.
✔ Regular Exercise: Engage in regular walking or physical activity to support heart health.
✔ Cholesterol Control: Regularly monitor cholesterol levels through blood tests.
Can Xanthelasma Be Treated?
Xanthelasma is completely harmless, but it is permanent and does not go away on its own. If it becomes cosmetically bothersome or shows signs of growth, the following treatment options can be applied:
✅ Surgical Removal: The xanthelasma tissue on the eyelid can be removed through a small operation.
✅ Laser Treatment: Xanthelasma tissue can be burned away with a laser.
For more information about treatment options, consult a specialist doctor.
Conclusion: Recognize the Symptoms of Xanthelasma Early!
Xanthelasma is a fatty deposit that manifests as yellowish plaques, primarily around the eyelids. It is generally harmless but can cause cosmetic concerns and, in some cases, may be a sign of high cholesterol or cardiovascular diseases.
If you notice xanthelasma symptoms around your eyes, contact us for a detailed examination and suitable treatment options!
Op. Dr. Yıldız Acar Ebcim
Ophthalmology Specialist
