cquired Ptosis (Drooping Eyelid) – What Is It?
Acquired ptosis is a drooping of the upper eyelid that develops later in life due to factors such as aging, muscle weakness, nerve damage, or trauma to the eye area. It is also known as “acquired ptosis” and can typically occur in one eye (unilateral) or both eyes (bilateral).
The severity of acquired ptosis can vary. Mild ptosis may only cause aesthetic concerns, while advanced ptosis can impair vision and negatively affect daily activities.
Symptoms of Acquired Ptosis:
✅ 1. Drooping of the Upper Eyelid
The most obvious symptom is the eyelid being lower than normal. The eyelid may partially cover the iris (the colored part of the eye) or the pupil.
✅ 2. Narrowed Field of Vision
In advanced ptosis, the eyelid may restrict the field of vision. The person may tilt their head backward or raise their eyebrows to compensate for the blocked view.
✅ 3. Tension in the Forehead and Eyebrow Muscles
People with ptosis may try to open their eyelids by raising their eyebrows. Over time, this reflex can deepen forehead lines and cause strain in the eyebrow muscles.
✅ 4. Head and Neck Pain
Constantly tilting the head back to increase the viewing angle may lead to tension in the neck muscles, causing chronic pain.
✅ 5. Eye Fatigue and Dryness
Due to the drooping eyelid, the eyes may remain open more than normal, leading to a feeling of fatigue. Symptoms such as dry eyes and irritation may also occur.
If you notice a gradual drooping of your eyelid, it is important to consult an eye specialist for early diagnosis.
What Causes Acquired Ptosis?
There are several potential causes of acquired ptosis. Here are the most common ones:
1️⃣ Age-Related Ptosis (Aponeurotic Ptosis)
The most common type of acquired ptosis. As we age, the levator muscle (the muscle that lifts the eyelid) weakens, leading to the drooping of the eyelid. This typically affects both eyes.
2️⃣ Eye Surgeries and Trauma
During cataract surgery or eyelid surgeries, the levator muscle may be damaged. Trauma to the eye area can cause muscle or nerve damage, leading to ptosis.
3️⃣ Nerve Damage and Neurological Disorders
- Third Nerve Palsy (Oculomotor Nerve Palsy): Damage to the nerve controlling the eyelid can cause ptosis.
- Myasthenia Gravis: An autoimmune disease that affects the muscles, with ptosis being one of the most common symptoms.
- Horner’s Syndrome: A disorder of the nervous system that causes ptosis and pupil constriction.
4️⃣ Muscle Diseases
Muscle weakness due to conditions like myopathy can affect the levator muscle and cause ptosis. Conditions like oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy often present with ptosis.
Identifying the underlying cause of acquired ptosis helps in selecting the most appropriate treatment.
What Happens If Acquired Ptosis Is Not Treated?
⚠ Vision loss may occur, making daily activities difficult.
⚠ Head and neck pain can develop.
⚠ The constant raising of the eyebrows can deepen forehead lines.
If you notice a progressive drooping of your eyelid, consult an eye specialist without delay.
How Is Acquired Ptosis Treated?
1️⃣ Ptosis Surgery (Levator Muscle Repair)
✔ The levator muscle, which lifts the eyelid, is tightened to bring the eyelid to a normal position.
✔ This surgical method is the most effective and permanent solution for advanced ptosis cases.
✔ It is performed under local anesthesia and typically has a short recovery time.
2️⃣ Botox for Temporary Treatment
✔ In mild cases of ptosis, Botox injections can help support the muscles that lift the eyelid.
✔ The effects last for 3-6 months, and regular treatments are required.
3️⃣ Ptosis Glasses
✔ Special glasses may be used for patients who cannot undergo surgery or need a temporary solution.
✔ These are especially recommended for ptosis caused by neurological conditions.
To determine the most suitable treatment for your condition, consult with an eye doctor.
Summary: Key Points About Acquired Ptosis
Acquired ptosis can occur due to aging, nerve damage, muscle diseases, or trauma.
It can affect one or both eyes and may impair vision.
Constant eyebrow raising and head tilting can lead to head and neck pain.
If you notice drooping eyelids and want to learn the cause, feel free to contact us to determine the best treatment option for you!
Op. Dr. Yıldız Acar Ebcim
Ophthalmologist
